What is the Difference between the SAT and ACT? Which Test is the Right Fit for Me? The SAT and ACT are widely recognised standardised entrance tests for college admissions and scholarships in the United States. While both exams are similar general aptitude tests, they can be challenging and significantly impact your chances of landing scholarships and specific college programs. On the bright side, they are both weighted equally by colleges, so it is up to you to choose the exam that best plays to your strengths. Consider the differences between exam structure, content, pacing, and scoring. The best way to gauge which exam is best for you is to attempt a full diagnostic mock exam for both the SAT and ACT under timed conditions. This will give you a general idea of which one aligns better with your strengths based on scores and provide exposure to their differences. This article will delve into the key differences between the SAT and ACT, offering insights to help you determine which test may be the right fit for you.
SAT vs ACT Exam Differences There are a lot of differences and commonalities between the exams that you should be aware of before attempting a practice exam:
SAT
ACT
Number of Questions
154
215
Length
3 hours
2 hours 55 minutes or 3 hours, 40 minutes with essay
Structure
Reading, Writing & Language, Math (with & without calculator sections) No science
Reading, English, Math (with calculator), & Science
Maths Content
Few math questions, but entire math section makes up almost 50% of the entire exam. Focused heavily on Algebra I & II. Also tests: arithmetic, Geometry, & trigonometry.
More math questions and wider variety tested, however is at a more basic level. Math section makes up only 25% of entire exam. Includes: arithmetic, Algebra I & II, Geometry, basic statistics, & trigonometry.
Scoring Structure
scores from 400-1600
scores from 1-36
Exam Format
Digital as of March 2024
Digital or Paper-Based
Please note that both exams, while digital, must be taken at a testing centre.
Over some key take aways is that the ACT tends to be more science-focused and has a faster pace & more questions to complete. The science section does not focus on science background but rather critical thinking skills. Meanwhile the SAT emphasises in-depth analysis or fewer question with slightly more time per question. While the SAT does not have a science section, it does give a Science Insight Score, based on abilities to interpret charts, infographics, and data.
Similarities between the SAT & ACT Exams The SAT and ACT exams share several similarities, making them comparable choices for college admissions. Both tests cost roughly the same amount, even when taken with the optional essay component. They also offer multiple test dates throughout the year, providing flexibility for students. Neither the SAT nor the ACT penalizes students for guessing on questions, allowing for strategic test-taking without the fear of losing points for incorrect answers.
Additionally, both exams have an optional essay section, giving students the choice to demonstrate their writing skills if they feel it will enhance their application. Overall, the SAT and ACT are equally weighed by colleges and are considered equally challenging, ensuring that students can choose the test that best suits their strengths and preferences without worrying about one being favoured over the other.
Essay Sections in the SAT and ACT It's worth noting that while the essay sections are optional, some colleges and universities may still require or recommend them as part of their admissions process. For this reason it is a good idea to do the essay as it opens more school options for you. Therefore, it's essential for students to check the requirements of the specific colleges they are interested in applying to. If the essay is recommended, consider this:
ACT Essay: The ACT essay is an optional 40-minute writing task. Test-takers are presented with a prompt on a contemporary issue and are asked to evaluate and analyse multiple different perspectives, own perspective SAT Essay: Similar to the ACT, the SAT essay is an optional 50-minute writing task. Note: the essay is only available in some states. Test-takers are provided with a passage that presents an argument or point of view. They are then asked to analyse the author’s How to Choose the Right Exam-Based on Different Approaches Consider your Strengths and Weaknesses in Maths If you struggle with mental math, the SAT may be less suitable for you since it has a no-calculator math section. You might be more inclined toward the ACT, which allows the use of a calculator throughout the entire math section. However, the ACT includes more questions and a wider variety of math topics, including probability and statistics. While the SAT does not cover these topics, it does test data analysis. In terms of math and science, the SAT focuses on data analysis, while the ACT covers probability and statistics as well.
Consider the Time Pressure of Each Test The SAT exam is more of a test for thinkers: SAT questions often require multiple logical steps and analysing longer, denser text passages. While the SAT does give you more time for each question, rushing can easily lead to mistakes because of the time you need to analyse the questions before reaching the answer.
The ACT exam is more of a test for speed: The ACT demands quick information processing, especially in the science and reading sections. You need to move swiftly through data interpretation and graphs. Sometimes, eliminating obvious wrong choices can lead you to the correct answer even without a deep understanding.
Still Struggling to Choose? Once you’re done the practice exams, reflect on how you felt in terms of time pressure, difficulty of each exam, how computable you are with the reading and maths portions.
When to favour the SAT examsWhen to favour the ACT exams→ They found it easy to answer questions with complex wording.→ Are comfortable without using the calculator and have stronger mental math skills→ They can provide clear logical explanations behind their choice of answers.→ Excel at critical thinking→ work well under timed pressure→ can skim passages fast for key information→ are comfortable with recalling science facts
In Conclusion Choosing between the SAT and ACT is crucial for college admissions. Both tests are equally weighted by colleges and share similarities, such as cost, multiple test dates, and no penalty for guessing. However, they differ in structure, content, pacing, and scoring. The SAT emphasises in-depth analysis with fewer questions and more time per question, while the ACT has a faster pace, more questions, and includes a science section testing critical thinking.
Ultimately, choose the test that suits your abilities and preferences to ensure success in your college journey. Good luck!
Frequently Asked Questions Are the SAT and ACT Accurate Ways to Measure Intelligence? ACT and SAT scores do not reflect an individual's IQ or potential for lifelong success. Students should approach the ACT and SAT as a performance, akin to a track meet, a championship basketball game, or a piano recital. The key to improving on these exams lies in consistent practice. With enough practice, students will develop the four essential skills that contribute to test performance.
Can I Sit Both the SAT and ACT Exams? Yes, you can! There are actually some benefits of sitting both exams such as:
More examination dates to select from, more opportunities to apply for colleges that have specific SAT or ACT exam requirements. Exam taking skills overlap well between the two exams which could make taking both easier and likely that you get similar scores on both. Some very competitive colleges would find it beneficial to have extra information on you if you’ve done both exams. Especially if you’ve done really well on both exams which is very impressive. Doing both exams also provides you an option to only apply with the exam which you scored better in. Another reason why you should do a practice test for each exam first then decide which one you will prepare for. Please note that it is only worth taking both the SAT and the ACT if you have the time and resources. However, if you don’t have clear idea on how it will benefit you, based on college requirements, then it may not be worth your time to invest in preparing for both exams. Remember no college will require you to sit BOTH.
Do Colleges Prefer the ACT or SAT Exam? There is a common misconception that colleges in certain states prefer the ACT while others favor the SAT. In reality, colleges do not have a preference between the SAT and ACT. Both tests are widely accepted across U.S. colleges, including those with test-optional policies. Therefore, it is important to choose the test that best suits you. Additionally, the SAT and ACT are never administered on the same date, allowing you the opportunity to take both if desired.
